NIH neglect is on the verge of producing a downturn in ME/CFS research that may take years to recover from. Some background information is necessary.
The Effective Grant Program (and the Ineffective One)
The NIH produces two types of grants; Program Announcements (PA’s) and Requests for Applications (RFAs). Program Announcements ‘announce’ what kind of research the NIH is willing to fund; RFA’s announce what kinds of research the NIH is willing to fund and come with a guaranteed pool of money. (Guess which one gets better results?)
The funded grant proposals are important, even vital vehicles for drawing interest to controversial disorders like chronic fatigue syndrome which have trouble attracting researchers. One important facet of RFA’s are the increased grant acceptance rates that come with them.
Grant approval rates for first time ME/CFS grant proposals, for instance, were so low, running about 8% in the mid to late 2000’s, that researchers quit the NIH in disgust. High grant approval rates (@25%) for the 2006 Neuro-immune RFA for CFS indicated that RFA’s are the only vehicle that will reliably attract researchers to the field.
Unfortunately, RFAs have been few and far between with the last RFA for ME/CFS coming in 2006. A look at who’s getting what in the NIH CFS research program indicates these special funding opportunities are vital to the health of this field.
A Big Boost
The 2006 Neuro-immune grant package, as underfunded at it turned out to be, (only about half the funds were awarded), turned out to be a kind of seminal moment in the NIH CFS research program. Discounting the XMRV studies, half the studies the NIH is currently funding originated in the 2006 grant package. The entire Light program of research, the Antoni studies, the Fletcher biomarker study, the Biaggioni study, the Theoharides study and the second Baraniuk study all grew out of the 2006 Neuro-immune grant package.
Running on Fumes
Since 2006 the NIH has relied solely on unfunded Program Announcements to spark interest for the ME/CFS field and the results have been predictable with few new investigators entering the field. Friedman’s Viagra study and Schuster’s viral study, both either finished or finishing up this year, are the only studies featuring an investigator new to the ME/CFS research field on the books. (The EBV Glazer proposal succeeded only when he stopped focusing on CFS and Stewart, Natelson and Freeman had already been funded for years by the NIH.)
In short, while the ongoing studies are valuable, the NIH is basically running on the fumes generated by its last grant effort 6 years ago and it’s ME/CFS program is long past due for an injection of new ideas and new blood into the field. Without another grant package to re-energize the field we can look forward to further diminishment in CFS research at the NIH.
Major Opportunity – Lost?
A major opportunity for an RFA arose with the Science Workshop in 2011, as workshops are usually done to prepare for an RFA. We were told, however, that that decision regarding whether an RFA would occur would await until the outcome of the Lipkin study. That study should be done in a couple of months and we’ll see what the NIH says.
Their usual response is that there’s no money or it’s impossible and the ME/CFS community has been heard this many times before. As the NIH budget doubled in the early 2,000’s and agency figures spouted platitudes about how important ME/CFS was, funding for ME/CFS research declined dramatically. Similarly former ME/CFS rep at the NIH, Eleanor Hanna, stated that funded grant opportunities (RFA’s) were in decline and there was no money for one for ME/CFS but 14 have been offered thus far this year for other disorders and over a hundred were published in 2011.
Even in these tight budget times the budgets for most disorders and conditions received increases in 2012. (CFS did not). Somehow there’s just never enough money in the NIH’s enormous budget for even a moderate increase in ME/CFS funding.
A Field Primed and Ready
No one can argue that the 2006 RFA was not a success; it opened several areas of research that continued to get funded long after the original grant ran out. Given the progress that’s been made in ME/CFS over the past 6 years, the recent Rituximab finding, the strengthened research environment outside of the NIH (Research1st at the CAA, Chronic Fatigue Initiative, the Klimas Neuro-immune Institute at Nova Southeastern, Montoya’s effort at Stanford, PHANU, Mt. Sinai ME/CFS Research Center, Simmaron), it’s clear this field is primed to take advantage of a grant opportunity and a new RFA for ME/CFS would draw more interest and be more successful than the last one.
An RFA for ME/CFS in 2012 would undoubtedly open up new fields of research and producing an RFA should be the prime goal of ME/CFS advocates.
Foundation Laid
The NIH laid the foundation for a new RFA with the State of the Knowledge Workshop in 2011; all they need to do now is allocate funds for it. With no less than 30% of the NIH’s CFS studies ending this year, the NIH budget on CFS is about to tank without a new effort – a disturbing realization – but one which also means that a significant portion of the funds the NIH needs to fund the RFA should be available.
All the NIH, with its $32 billion dollar/year budget, needs to do is to flick its little finger at the the ‘$6 million’ CFS research program to provide it with the funding it needs to grow.
Will it continue on with its ‘business as usual’ approach – pitching pennies instead of dollars at ME/CFS – or will it begin to provide the money that the size and scope of this disorder demands?
With XMRV and ME/CFS fading from the spotlight this may be a crucial year for the ME/CFS community and its most important funder – the NIH.